多拐曲轴模锻成形毛坯精化技术
Billet Optimization of Die Forging for Several Cylinder Sleeve Crankshaft
王梦寒， 汪丰林， 李 晶
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作者单位：重庆大学 材料科学与工程学院，重庆 400044
中文关键字：曲轴；毛坯精化；飞边槽； 阻力墙；连皮
英文关键字：crankshaft; billet refining; flash; resistant wall; web
中文摘要：针对多拐曲轴材料利用率低的问题，采用数值模拟技术与生产试制结合的方法，对多拐曲轴毛坯精化问题进行了研究，提出了采用带阻力墙的飞边槽结构和凸形连皮形式实现曲轴毛坯精化的措施。以连皮的形状和厚度参数为指标，分析了不同结构形式的连皮对曲轴模锻成形的影响；以毛坯精化为设计指标，分析了阻力墙对不同下料尺寸毛坯的影响。研究结果表明，采用阻力墙和合理的连皮结构可以实现曲轴精密模锻毛坯的精化，此时阻力墙的斜度为10°、间隙为1～2.5 mm、距模具型腔的位置为10 mm，连皮结构为凸连皮、厚度为18 mm。生产实践表明，多拐曲轴精化毛坯后材料利用率达到了88.3%。此研究成果可推广到其他曲轴毛坯精化技术中。
英文摘要：Focusing on low material utilizing rate of several cylinder sleeve crankshaft, its billet optimization was studied by the method of numerical simulation and trial production, and the flash with resistant wall and convex wad were used. By evaluation of wad structure and thickness, the effect of different wad structures on crankshaft die forging was analyzed. Aimed the goal of parameters optimization of resistant wall, the effect of parameters of resistant wall on crankshaft die forging was discussed. The results show that the billet optimization of crankshaft precious forging can be achieved by means of resistant wall and rational wad structure, and the resistant wall gradient is 10°, its clearance is 1～2.5 mm, and the distance to cavity is 10 mm; the wad structure is convex and its thickness is 18 mm. Production practice indicates that the material utilizing ratio reaches 88.3% with the billet optimization technology. The achievement of this study can be also applied to other types of crankshafts.