等温锻造温度对2A70铝合金组织性能的影响
Influence of Isothermal Forging Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of 2A70 Aluminum Alloy
高艳华， 郭鸿镇， 王晓晨， 姚泽坤
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作者单位：西北工业大学 材料学院，陕西 西安 710072
中文关键字：2A70铝合金；等温锻造；显微组织；力学性能
英文关键字：2A70 aluminum alloy； isothermal forging； microstructure； mechanical property
中文摘要：在6300 kN四柱油压机上对2A70铝合金试样在变形温度350～480℃、应变速率0.001s-1的条件下进行等温压缩试验，然后对其进行标准固溶时效处理,并进行室温拉伸性能测试和显微组织观测。实验研究结果表明,在430～450℃变形温度范围内，等温锻件的显微组织为完全再结晶组织，晶粒细小且沿变形方向分布；在430 ℃纵向抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到最大值（410 MPa和292.5 MPa），在450 ℃横向抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到最大值（400 MPa和270 MPa），而伸长率均远超过技术条件要求。综合考虑显微组织、强度和塑性等因素，选取450 ℃为该合金的较佳等温锻造温度。
英文摘要：The isothermal compression experiments of 2A70 aluminum alloy were done on 6300kN four-column hydraulic press at deformation temperature of 350～480 ℃ and strain rate of 0.001 s-1, then the standard solid solution aging treatment of the samples was done, and its mechanical property at room temperature was tested, and its microstructure was observed. The experimental results show that the microstructure of isothermal forging is the microstructure of dynamic recrystallization and the grain size is small along the deformation direction from 430℃ to 450℃. At 430℃, the longitudinal tensile strength and yield strength reach maximum（410 MPa and 292.5 MPa）. At 450℃, the transverse tensile strength and yield strength reach maximum (400 MPa and270 MPa), while the elongation ratio is much more than technical conditions. Considering the factors of microstructure, strength and plastic, 450℃ is the best isothermal forging temperature.