铸造工艺对B30合金铸锭组织及可锻性的影响
Effects of Casting Process on Ingot Microstructure and Forgeability of B30 Alloy
张永强
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作者单位：（中国船舶重工集团公司 第七二五研究所，河南 洛阳 471039）
中文关键字： B30合金；铸造工艺；铸锭组织；电渣重熔；可锻性
英文关键字：B30 alloy； casting technique； casting microstructure； electroslag remelting； forgeability
中文摘要：研究了不同工艺参数的半连续铸造工艺对铸锭组织及可锻性的影响，并将常用于改善铸钢组织性能的电渣重熔工艺引入B30铜合金铸造。研究表明,铸锭的晶粒生长方向及晶粒大小与铸造速度和冷却强度有关；低铸造速度（＜3 m/h或停拉式）、大轴向冷却强度（冷却水量＞8 m3/h）可在铸锭组织中形成较多的斜向柱状组织，斜向生长且与铸锭轴向间夹角小于30° 的细长柱状组织对发挥B30铸锭的可锻性有利；电渣重熔B30铸锭，可锻性最好，B30合金电渣重熔的渣料及配比可选取CaF2、MgF2，比例：8/2。
英文摘要： The effects of semicontinuous casting process with different technological parameters on the ingot microstructure and forgeability of B30 alloy were studied. The electroslag remelting technology which usually used in the casting steel to improve the microstructure and properties of alloy was used in the casting of B30 alloy. The results show that the grain growth direction and size are connected with casting speed and cooling rate, and with low casting speed (<3 m/h or stop-push way) and high intensity of longitudinal cooling (the quantity of cooling water larger than 8 m3/h), oblique columnar microstructure is largely formed with angle between that and longitudinal direction less than 30°, which is a benefit factor for the forgeability of B30 alloy. The forgeability of electroslag remelting casting is the best than that of the other casting way. The slag charge of elctroslag remelting B30 alloy can be chosen CaF2, MgF2, with mixture ratio: 8/2.