细晶5083铝合金非等温拉深工艺研究
Study on Nonisothermal Deep Drawing Technology of Fine-grained 5083 Al Alloy
闫洪华， 张凯锋
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作者单位：哈尔滨工业大学 材料科学与工程学院， 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
中文关键字：细晶5083铝合金； 非等温拉深； 拉深成形能力； 极限拉深比
英文关键字： fine-grained 5083 Al alloy; nonisothermal deep drawing; deep drawing formability; limiting drawing ratio (LDR)
中文摘要：通过实验研究了拉深凹模温度、拉深速度、压边间隙及润滑条件对细晶5083铝合金非等温拉深工艺的影响。实验结果表明：细晶5083铝合金板料在凹模温度为250 ℃以上具有良好的拉深成形能力。当凹模温度为275 ℃时, 极限拉深比达到2.9；当在较佳的凹模温度不同的拉深速度下进行拉深时，得出细晶5083铝合金非等温拉深工艺在一定的拉深速度范围内对应变速率不敏感，在压头速度≤2 mm/min时均能拉深成功。考虑了润滑层厚度和材料在升温过程中的热膨胀性能，通过实验得出的最佳压边间隙为1.9 mm。选用水基石墨作为润滑剂，润滑层厚度达到0.3 mm左右时拉深能够成功进行。
英文摘要：The effect of temperature of female die, deep drawing speeds, blankholder gap and lubricating condition on nonisothermal deep technology of fine-grained 5083 Al alloy was studied. The experimental results show that the fine-grained 5083 Al alloy sheets have good deep drawing formability when temperature of female die is higher than 250℃. When the temperature of female die was 275℃, the limiting drawing ratio (LDR) of the material reaches maximum 2.9. Under the optimum female-temperature and different punch speed, the influences of strain rate on the nonisothermal deep drawing process of fine-grained 5083 Al alloy is a little. When the punch speed is equal or less than 2 mm/min, the deep drawing is well. The optimum blankholder gap 1.9 mm is determined to think of the thickness of lubricating layer and thermal expansion during temperature rising. When the colloidal graphite mixed with water is selected for the lubricant and the thickness of lubricant is about 0.3 mm, the deep drawing experiment can be carried out successfully.