堆焊速度对高铬合金M7C3相及耐磨性的影响
Effect of Hardfacing Velocity on M7C3 Phases and Abrasion Resistance of High Chromium Alloys
李 丹， 龚建勋， 唐天顺
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作者单位：（湘潭大学 机械工程学院，湖南 湘潭 411105）
中文关键字：M 7C3相；堆焊速度；药芯焊丝；耐磨性；高铬
英文关键字： M 7C3 phase; hardfacing velocity; flux-cored wire; abrasion resistance; high chromium
中文摘要：采用药芯焊丝埋弧堆焊方法制备含2.4%～2.6%C，21%～22%Cr，2.7%～2.9%V，0.3%～0.5%Ti（质量分数）的高铬堆焊合金。借助光学显微镜和X-射线衍射，考察了堆焊速度对高铬合金的 M 7C3相形态及数量的影响。湿砂橡胶轮磨损试验结果表明，堆焊速度显著影响其耐磨性，当速度为28.3 cm/min时，耐磨性最佳，是速度为30 cm/min试样的9.5倍；此外，由于化学成分或显微组织不均匀性过大，致使其磨损失重与试验载荷并不满足传统的正比关系。
英文摘要：High chromium hardfacing alloys containing 2.4%～2.6%C， 21%～22%Cr， 2.7%～2.9%V， 0.3%～0.5%Ti (mass fraction) were deposited by flux-cored wire submerged arc welding. The effect of hardfacing velocity on the morphology and volume fraction of M 7C3-type carbides was investigated by optical microscopy (OP) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of wet sand rubber wheel wear experiment show that the hardfacing velocity has significant influence on abrasion resistance of high chromium alloys. The optimum abrasion resistance can be obtained at the velocity of 28.3 cm/min and it is 9.5 times higher than that at 30 cm/min. In addition, the traditional direct proportional relation between wear mass loss and experimental load can not be realized, due to excessively inhomogeneous distribution of chemical composition or the microstructure.