铝合金搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头工艺及组织性能研究
Study on Microstructure and Properties of Friction Stir Welded Lap Joints of Aluminum Alloy
徐效东， 杨新岐， 吴 铁， 张家龙
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作者单位：天津大学 材料科学与工程学院，天津 300072
中文关键字：铝合金； 搅拌摩擦焊； 搭接接头； 工艺参数； 组织性能
英文关键字：aluminum alloys; FSW; lap joint; welding process parameters; properties
中文摘要：对铝合金3003进行一系列的搅拌摩擦搭接焊试验，并对焊接接头的工艺及组织性能进行了分析。试验结果表明：焊接接头可分为3个区域：焊核区、热机械影响区和热影响区，各区域的组织有明显的特征。当搅拌头的旋转速度为1120 r/min，焊接速度为50 mm/min时，焊缝成型良好，当焊接工艺参数选择不恰当时，会产生飞边、沟槽、隧道型缺陷、钩状缺陷及波浪状曲线等缺陷。同时该旋转速度下各焊接速度所对应的抗拉强度普遍较高，基本可以达到母材抗拉强度的75%以上。在搭接焊核区硬度较高，有的甚至超过母材，在上板前进侧的热影响区硬度达到最低值。
英文摘要：The 3003 aluminum alloy was welded by friction stir lap welding. The process, microstructure and properties of welded joint were analyzed. The results show that the welded joints can be divided into three regions with distinctive features, such as weld nugget zone, thermo-mechanical affected zone and heat affected zone, when the rotational speed is 1120 r/min and the welding speed is 50 mm/min, the good shape of welds can be achieved, if the welding parameters are not proper, trench, fly edgy and tunnel defects appear. Meanwhile, the tensile strengths of the aluminum welded at the rotational speed with different welding speed are all higher, which can generally reach above 75% of tensile strength of the matrix material. The vickers hardness in nugget is higher than other zone, sometimes, it is even higher than the matrix. The lowest vickers hardness appears in HAZ of advancing side of the top sheet.