45钢磨损性能和磨损机制的研究
Study on Wear Behaviors and Wear Mechanisms of 45 Steel
王 洋, 王树奇, 魏敏先
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作者单位：江苏大学 材料科学与工程学院, 江苏 镇江 212013
中文关键字：45钢； 磨损性能； 回火温度； 工况条件； 微观组织
英文关键字：45 steel; wear resistance; tempering temperature; operation condition; microstructure
中文摘要：采用销-盘式高温磨损试验机对45钢进行磨损试验， 研究了热处理工艺和工况条件对45钢磨损性能的影响，采用SEM、XRD分析磨损表面的形貌、成分和物相， 探讨45钢的磨损机制。结果表明，随回火温度的升高，45钢组织的大幅度软化导致耐磨性明显下降。在不同的工况条件下，45钢的磨损机理表现为：在常温、200 ℃及50 N条件下，主要是磨粒磨损；200 ℃、100～150 N及400 ℃、50～100 N条件下，为氧化轻微磨损和氧化剥层磨损；400 ℃、150 N条件下，转变为塑性挤出。
英文摘要：Wear tests of 45 steel were performed on pin-on-disk high temperature wear apparatus. The effects of tempering temperature and operation conditions on the wear resistance of 45 steel were studied. The morphology, composition and phase structure of worn surfaces were analyzed using SEM and XRD. The wear mechanism of 45 steel was discussed. The results show that the microstructure of 45 steel is substantially softened, the wear resistance rapidly decreases with the tempering temperature rising. Three types of wear mechanisms prevail in 45 steel under different operation condition: abrasive wear at room temperature and in the condition of 200 ℃ and 50 N; fatigue delamination of oxide in the condition of 200 ℃, 100～150 N, as well as 400 ℃ and 50～100 N; plastic deformation in the condition of 400 ℃, 150 N.