TIG焊温度场对异种不锈钢钎焊接头组织和性能的影响规律

    Effect of TIG Welding Temperature Field on Microstructure and Mechanical Performance of Dissimilar Stainless Steel Brazing Joint

    • 摘要: 针对液体火箭发动机燃烧室的制造,首先采用Mn基钎料对异种不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti与1Cr21Ni5Ti进行钎焊,随后在钎焊后的1Cr21Ni5Ti外壁一侧进行TIG焊接,通过控制TIG焊的工艺参数研究其对钎焊接头组织与性能的影响规律。结果表明,利用Mn-Ni-Cr钎料钎焊异种不锈钢的焊合区主要组织为Fe-Ni-Mn的三元固溶体。TIG焊接后,内壁一侧的1Cr18Ni9Ti发生再结晶软化,而外壁一侧的双相1Cr21Ni5Ti发生相变,母材组织退化。此外,母材中的C原子在高温下向焊接界面处迁移,形成富Cr、Ti的碳化物,增加了裂纹萌生后沿着界面快速扩展的风险。因此在TIG焊接温度场的影响下,异种不锈钢钎焊接头的力学性能呈下降趋势。

       

      Abstract: For the manufacture of a liquid rocket engine combustion chamber, the dissimilar stainless steels 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 1Cr21Ni5Ti were firstly brazed with Mn-based filler metal. And then, TIG welding was performed at the side of the 1Cr21Ni5Ti outer wall. Moreover, the effects of TIG welding parameters on the microstructure and properties of the brazed joint were studied. The results indicate that the weld zone of the dissimilar stainless steel joint brazed by Mn-Ni-Cr filler metal is mainly composed of Fe-Ni-Mn ternary solid solution. After TIG welding, the 1Cr18Ni9Ti inner wall undergoes recrystallization softening, while the dual-phase 1Cr21Ni5Ti outer wall undergoes phase transformation, and the microstructures of the base metals are degenerated. In addition, the C atom in the steels migrates to the welding interface at high temperature to form Cr-rich and Ti-rich carbides, which increases the risk of rapid propagation along the interface after crack initiation. Therefore, under the influence of TIG welding temperature field, the mechanical properties of the brazed joint of the dissimilar stainless steel show a downward trend.

       

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