Abstract: Electron beam cladding, as a high-performance material surface modification technology, has broad development prospects. Combined with the principle and characteristics of electron beam cladding, the main factors affecting the quality of the electron beam cladding layer were summarized as electron beam current, scanning speed and beam spot diameter. The specific effects of these process parameters on the surface morphology, thickness, hardness and temperature field of the cladding layer were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of the three process parameter optimization methods were summarized, and the advantages of orthogonal test method applied to electron beam cladding were described.The present problems and future prospects of electron beam cladding process parameters were pointed out.