Abstract: In order to explore the influence of process parameters on the formation of shrinkage cavities in low-pressure die casting aluminum alloy wheels hub, two potential defects, the shrinkage holes in the bead seat and the upper rim and the shrinkage porosity in the rim were predicted through the numerical simulation analysis. Several optimization schemes were put forward and analyzed for serious defect of the tread seat by changing the cooling channel, cooling medium and flow rate and adding insulation material. The results show that applying cooling to the hot spot can cause the defect to move in the opposite direction to the cooling side. The improvement degree of defects and the distance of defect transfer are affected by the intensity of applied cooling. It is beneficial to delay the closing of the filling channel and reduce the influence of cooling on the surrounding cold spot by adding insulation material and cooling to the hot spot.