Abstract:
The powder utilization rate can be improved effectively by accurately revealing the powder jet flow behavior in laser cladding, and is of great significance for obtaining high-quality cladding layers. Three-beam coaxial laser cladding is one of the standard cladding methods and plays a vital role in actual production. The powder jet flow behavior in the laser cladding process is affected by various parameters, and it is necessary to conclusively reveal the quantitative relationship between each parameter and the powder jet flow behavior. The gas-solid two-phase flow model of the carrier gas and powder in laser cladding was established by using the k-ε model combined with the discrete phase model, and the distribution law of carrier gas flow field and powder concentration were calculated. The convergence characteristics of the powder jet and the impact trajectory with the substrate were revealed. On this basis, a powder temperature rise model based on Stefan-Boltzmann law was established, and the effects of laser power, laser beam radius, and powder particle size on powder temperature rise were calculated. The results show that in the two-phase flow model, the carrier gas velocity and the powder concentration are distributed at 120° intervals, and the powder trajectory rebounds and diverges after reaching the substrate plane, which is consistent with the distribution in actual production. The powder temperature rise rate is positively correlated with the laser power, and negatively correlated with the laser beam radius and powder particle size. The calculation results show that the laser power, laser beam radius and powder particle size have a significant effect on the powder temperature rise rate.