Abstract: How to give full play to the synergistic effect of lubricating and wear-resistant components in order to improve the tribological properties of copper-based composites is still facing great challenges.Using graphene as lubricating component and alumina as wear-resistant component, the effects of alumina and graphene assembly on tribological properties of copper-based composites were compared.The results show that compared with the case where alumina and graphene are separately distributed in the copper matrix, the shell core structure of alumina and graphene can improve the density and hardness of the copper matrix composites, and is conducive to the formation of a continuous and protective friction layer on the worn surface.Therefore, the latter has a lower friction coefficient and wear rate than the former in the dry friction range of 10-40 N load.