Abstract: The functional and structural coatings prepared by thermal spraying process were widely used in industrial production because of their advantages of friction reduction, wear resistance, anticorrosion, heat insulation, good compactness and high bonding strength. Taking diesel engine cylinder liner as the object, several failure modes of cylinder liner during operation were reviewed and thermal spraying ceramic coating on inner wall can greatly improve performance and prolong service time. Three kinds of internal spraying technologies suitable for the narrow environment of cylinders were introduced,and the principle and development frontier of preparing wear-resistant ceramic coating by internal plasma spraying, internal supersonic flame spraying and internal arc spraying were reviewed. By comparing the technological characteristics of the three internal spraying technologies and the performance and microstructure of preparing ceramic base coating, the suitability of different internal spraying technologies with different ceramic materials were summarized, and the development direction of thermal spraying ceramic coating on the inner wall of diesel engine cylinder liner under carbonization peak background was prospected.