Abstract: Fe-based alloy/B₄C composite coating prepared by vacuum cladding was remelted by vacuum electron beam.The microstructure, phase composition and wear resistance of the composite coating before and after remelting were studied by optical microscope, electron probe, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and dry sand/rubber wheel abrasive wear tester.The results indicate that the composite coating shows more compact after electron beam remelting, and the microstructure changes from large irregular block before remelting to fine lamellar and network, and the microstructure becomes finer with the increase of remelting speed.The coating is mainly composed of α-Fe, γ-Fe, M₂B, M₂₃(C, B)₆, (Fe, Ni), (Fe, Cr)and Fe₃C.When the electron beam remelting speed is 2.5 mm/s, the microstructure of the remelted coating is the most uniform, the mass loss after abrasive wear test reduces by 28.5%compared with that before remelting, and only a few shallow furrows appear on the wear surface, showing better wear resistance.