Abstract: Mono-temperature and bi-temperature solid carburizing of 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel with single surface nanocrystallization by supersonic fine particle bombardment（SFPB）were carried out. The effects of different carburizing processes on the solid carburizing behavior of 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel were investigated by cross-sectional optical microstructure observation and surface hardness test. The results show that the surface nanocrystallization can improve the efficiency of solid carburization, and 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel can obtain a carburized layer with hardness up to 613 HV and thickness of 215 μm on the SFPB surface after precarburizing at 600 ℃ for 2 h and final carburizing at 850 ℃ for 4 h, which provides a new approach for simple and efficient solid carburizing of stainless steel.