喷射成形7055铝合金丝材焊接的7075铝合金接头组织和性能研究

    Study on Microstructure and Properties of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Joints Welded by Spray Formed 7055 Aluminum Alloy Wire

    • 摘要: 通过喷射成形制备出7055铝合金锭坯,然后挤压拉拔成直径1.2 mm的铝合金焊丝。采用此焊丝对3 mm厚的7075铝合金板材进行自动化MIG焊,对不同电流下的焊接接头进行组织与性能分析。结果表明,采用自研的7055铝合金焊丝对7075板材进行焊接,焊缝成形良好。焊缝区主要为枝晶网状组织,随着电流增大,焊缝区晶界粗化,晶粒逐渐增大;熔合区主要由不规则枝晶与柱状晶组织组成;焊缝的主要析出相为η-(MgZn2)、Al3Zr相和S-(Al2CuMg)相,此外,还有少量σ-(AlFeSi)杂质相存在。70A焊接接头焊缝区的平均显微硬度为107 HV,接头的抗拉强度为294.08 MPa,伸长率为7.5%,呈韧性断裂特征,总体性能优良。

       

      Abstract: 7055 aluminum alloy billet was prepared by spray forming, and then extruded and drawn into an aluminum alloy welding wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm. The welding wire was used for automatic MIG welding of 3 mm thick 7075 aluminum alloy sheet. The microstructure and properties of the welded joints under different currents were analyzed. The results show that when the 7075 plate is welded by using self-developed 7055 aluminum alloy welding wire, the weld seams are well formed. The weld zone is mainly dendritic network structure, and the grain boundary in the weld zone becomes coarse with the increase of current. The fusion zone is mainly composed of irregular dendrite and columnar structure. The main precipitated phases of the weld zone are η-(MgZn2), Al3Zr and S-(Al2CuMg) phases, and a small amount of σ-(AlFeSi)impurity phase exists. The average microhardness of the weld zone of the 70A welded joint is 107 HV, the tensile strength of the joint is 294.08 MPa, and the elongation is 7.5%, showing the characteristics of ductile fracture, and the overall properties are excellent.

       

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