添加Ti对AlCrFe2NiCu高熵合金组织和耐磨性的影响

    Effect of Ti Addition on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of AlCrFe2NiCu High-entropy Alloy

    • 摘要: 为了研究Ti元素的添加对AlCrFe2NiCu高熵合金组织和性能的影响,采用等离子堆焊技术在Q235低碳钢板表面制备AlCrFe2NiCu和AlCrFe2NiCuTi高熵堆焊合金,利用XRD、SEM、EDS以及EBSD分析合金的物相结构及微观组织,并采用维氏硬度计和磨料磨损试验机测试合金的显微硬度和耐磨性。结果表明:两种合金均主要由FCC、BCC1及BCC2三相组成,其中BCC1固溶体结构为Fe-Cr相、BCC2固溶体结构为NiAl相、FCC固溶体结构为富Cu相。同时在AlCrFe2NiCuTi合金中生成了Laves相,为TiFe2相。添加Ti元素后,合金的组织形貌由典型的树枝晶向花瓣状等轴晶转变。Ti元素的添加使得合金的硬度由410.0 HV提升到522.6 HV,磨损失重由1.36 g减少到0.42 g,晶粒尺寸细化了43.6%,耐磨性也显著提升,磨损机制为磨粒磨损。AlCrFe2NiCuTi合金的显微硬度及耐磨性的提升主要是由于Ti元素的添加所引起的细晶强化、固溶强化以及第二相强化共同作用的结果。硬度较高的Laves相在ID区析出,形成耐磨骨架,在磨损过程中大大阻碍磨粒在合金表面的运动,进而使得合金的耐磨性显著提高。

       

      Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of Ti addition on the microstructure and properties of AlCrFe2NiCu high-entropy alloy, AlCrFe2NiCu and AlCrFe2NiCuTi high entropy overlay alloys were prepared on the surface of Q235 low carbon steel plate using plasma overlay welding technology. The phase structure and microstructure of the alloy were analyzed by XRD, SEM, EDS and EBSD, and the microhardness and wear resistance of the alloy were tested by Vickers hardness tester and abrasive wear tester. The results indicate that both alloys are mainly composed of FCC, BCC1 and BCC2 phases. The solid solution structure of BCC1 is Fe-Cr phase, the solid solution structure of BCC2 is Ni Al phase, and the solid solution structure of FCC is Cu rich phase. At the same time, Laves phase is generated in AlCrFe2NiCuTi alloy, which is TiFe2 phase.The morphology of the alloy changes from typical dendritic to petal-like equiaxed crystals after the addition of Ti. The addition of Ti element increases the hardness of the alloy from 410.0 HV to 522.6 HV, reduces the wear mass loss from 1.36 g to 0.42 g, refines the grain size by 43.6%, and significantly improves the wear resistance. The wear mechanism is abrasive wear.The improvement in microhardness and wear resistance of AlCrFe2NiCuTi alloy is mainly due to the combined effect of fine grain strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and second phase strengthening caused by the addition of Ti element. The Laves phase with higher hardness precipitates in the ID region, forming a wear-resistant skeleton that greatly hinders the movement of abrasive particles on the alloy surface during wear test, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance of the alloy.

       

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