高碳铬轴承钢宽幅连铸凝固组织特征研究

    Study on Solidification Microstructure Characteristics of High-carbon and Chromium Bearing Steel in Large-width Continuous Casting

    • 摘要: 针对高碳铬轴承钢宽幅连铸易出现缺陷的问题,采用优化的电磁搅拌和二冷参数制备了宽度1150 mm、厚度230 mm的连铸坯,并表征了其低倍形貌、微观组织、成分分布、内部缺陷,为连铸工艺优化提供依据。结果表明,铸坯从外到内差异明显,偏析和缺陷较多的“锭芯”约占铸坯厚度的1/3。铸坯原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸为200~500 μm,其内部为细小片层状珠光体结构,柱状晶不明显,晶界处析出了连续的碳化物。铸坯芯部形成了较多的偏析碳化物,晶界Cr含量高,出现凝固疏松,但范围不超过10 mm。铸坯厚度范围内成分变化不大。因此,通过合理匹配的拉速和冷却条件,结合电磁搅拌,可避免产生后续热加工无法消除的严重缺陷。

       

      Abstract: Solidification defects are easily formed in the large-width continuous casting billet of high C/Cr bearing steel. To address this problem, a continuous casting billet with a width of 1150 mm and a thickness of 230 mm was manufactured using optimized electromagnetic stirring and secondary cooling parameters, and its low magnification morphology, microstructure, composition distribution, and internal defects were characterized to provide a basis for the optimization of continuous casting process. The results show that there is a significant difference between the outer and inner of the casting billet, and the "ingot core" with obvious segregation and defects accounts for about 1/3 of the casting billet thickness. The original austenite grain size in the casting billet ranges from 200 μm to 500 μm, and its interior is a fine layered pearlite structure with few columnar grains. Continuous carbides precipitate at the grain boundaries. Liquid precipitated carbides are formed at the grain boundaries of the core of the casting billet, with a high Cr content and solidification porosity, but the range does not exceed 10 mm. The composition is uniform within the thickness range of the casting billet. Therefore,through properly controlling the casting speed and the cooling conditions, combined with electromagnetic stirring, serious defects that cannot be eliminated in the subsequent hot processing can be avoided.

       

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