H13超高强钢热冲压模具同质化激光熔覆修复工艺研究

    Study on Repairing of H13 Ultra High Strength Steel Hot Stamping Mold by Homogenization Laser Cladding Technology

    • 摘要: 为修复强化表面磨损失效的超高强钢热冲压模具,采用激光熔覆技术在淬火态H13钢表面熔覆同质化Fe基合金粉末。通过调整激光功率和送粉量,制备出致密度高、无明显冶金缺陷的同质化激光熔覆合金层。通过光学显微镜和万能试验机分别对熔覆层的截面组织和熔覆层的抗剪切强度进行了检测分析,并通过硬度测试和高温摩擦磨损试验,分别测试了熔覆层的硬度和耐高温摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:当激光功率为1600 W、送粉量为13.8 g/min、搭接率为50%和扫描速度为10 mm/s时,在H13表面制备出无裂纹、无气孔等冶金缺陷的激光熔覆层,熔覆试样密度为7.58g/cm3,致密性最好。激光熔覆层与基体为冶金结合,其显微组织以柱状晶和等轴晶为主。激光熔覆层的抗剪强度大于710 MPa,优于H13基体与熔覆层界面的抗剪强度。激光熔覆层的硬度(56~58 HRC)高于H13基体的硬度。不同温度下,激光熔覆层的耐磨性均优于基体。随着温度的升高,基体的磨损量逐渐增大,而熔覆层的磨损量先增大后减小。

       

      Abstract: In order to repair the hot stamping die of ultra high strength steel, homogeneous Fe based alloy powder was cladded on the surface of quenched H13 steel by laser cladding. The homogenization laser cladding layer with high density and without obvious metallurgical defects was prepared by adjusting the laser power and powder feeding rate. The cross-section microstructure and the shear strength of the cladding layer were tested by optical microscope and universal testing machine, respectively. The hardness and high temperature friction and wear resistance of the cladding layer were evaluated by hardness test and high temperature friction and wear test, respectively. The results show that when the laser power is 1600 W, the powder feeding rate is 13.8 g/min, the overlap rate is 50%, and the scanning speed is 10 mm/s, the laser cladding layer without surface cracks, internal pores and other metallurgical defects is prepared on the H13 surface. The density of the cladding sample is 7.58 g/cm3, and it has the best density. The laser cladding layer is metallurgical bonded with the substrate, and the microstructure is mainly columnar crystal and equiaxed crystal. The shear strength of the laser cladding layer is bigger than 710 MPa, and the shear strength of the laser cladding layer is better than that of the interface between the H13 substrate and the laser cladding layer. The hardness of the laser cladding layer is 56-58 HRC, which is higher than that of the H13 substrate. The wear resistance of the cladding layer at different temperatures is better than that of the substrate. As the test temperature increases, the wear amount of the substrate gradually increases, and the wear amount of the cladding layer increases first and then decreases.

       

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