Zr、Sr、RE改性铝合金金具材料的制备及性能研究

    Preparation and Properties of Zr, Sr, RE Modified Aluminum Alloy Fittings Materials

    • 摘要: 选用8030铝合金作为材料基础组成,同时添加Zr、Sr和RE进行多元合金化,经熔炼、热挤压、固溶时效热处理和冷锻制备出Zr、Sr、RE改性铝合金金具。分析了改性前后铝合金的成分、形貌和结构,并测试了改性铝合金的力学性能、电学性能和耐热性能。结果表明:Zr、Sr、RE改性的铝合金弥散分布大量的第二相,发挥钉扎位错、细化强化相、阻止晶界滑移、阻碍再结晶等作用。改性铝合金经过固溶+二级时效+冷锻处理后的综合性能比传统8030铝合金有明显改善,其常温、高温(150℃)抗拉强度分别达到160、143 MPa,断后伸长率可达6.5%、14%,导电率分别可达57、39%IACS,且其耐热性能明显优于传统8030铝合金金具。该材料克服了传统金具的部分缺陷和不足,有望应用于大容量输送电力的高压架空线路。

       

      Abstract: 8030 aluminum alloy was chosen as basic material composition, and Zr, Sr, and RE(rare earth) elements were added into the aluminum alloy for multi-element alloying. Zr, Sr, RE modified aluminum alloy fittings were prepared by melting, hot extrusion, solution + aging heat treatment and cold forging. The composition, morphology, and structure of the aluminum alloy material before and after modification were analyzed. The mechanical properties, electrical properties and heat resistance of the modified aluminum alloy were tested. The results show that Zr, Sr, RE modified aluminum alloy has a large amount of dispersed second phases, which plays a role in pinning dislocations, refining strengthening phases, preventing grain boundary slip and hindering recrystallization. After solution + two-stage aging treatment and cold forging treatment, the comprehensive performance of the modified aluminum alloy is effectively improved compared with that of the traditional8030 aluminum alloy. Its tensile strength at room temperature and high temperature(150 ℃) reaches 160 MPa and 143 MPa,respectively, and its elongation after fracture can reach 6.5% and 14%, respectively. Its electric conductivity can reach 57%IACS and 39% IACS, respectively, and its heat resistance is significantly better than that of traditional 8030 aluminum alloy.This material overcomes some of the shortcomings and deficiencies of traditional fittings and it is expected to be applied to high-voltage overhead lines for large capacity power transmission.

       

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