汽轮机叶片用不锈钢激光熔覆修复与表面强化研究

    Research on Laser Cladding Repair and Surface Strengthening of Stainless Steel for Steam Turbine Blades

    • 摘要: 采用激光熔覆方法在汽轮机末级叶片用17-4PH不锈钢表面制备Ni625合金修复层,并进一步采用超声滚压技术对熔覆层表面进行强化处理。首先分析激光熔覆层的界面结合情况、硬度分布以及微观组织,然后研究了超声滚压处理对熔覆层硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性等表面性能的影响。结果表明:Ni625合金熔覆层与基体结合良好,熔覆层组织致密,无裂纹、孔洞等缺陷。超声滚压处理提高了熔覆层的表面硬度,硬化层深度大约为80 μm。在相同试验条件下,摩擦磨损10 min后,超声滚压处理试样的平均磨损质量损失比未处理试样减少了0.5 mg,摩擦系数从0.691降低到0.514,超声滚压处理使得熔覆层表面的耐磨性提高。超声滚压处理后Ni625熔覆层的自腐蚀电位上升,腐蚀电流密度降低,表明超声滚压处理提高了熔覆层的表面耐蚀性。

       

      Abstract: A laser cladding method was adopted to fabricate a Ni625 alloy repair layer on the surface of 17-4PH stainless steel, which was commonly used for the final stage blades of steam turbines. Furthermore, ultrasonic rolling technology was utilized to strengthen the surface of the cladding layer. Firstly, the interfacial bonding, hardness distribution and microstructure of laser cladding layer were analyzed. Then the effects of ultrasonic rolling on surface properties such as hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cladding layer were studied. The results show that the Ni625 alloy cladding layer has good bonding with matrix, and the cladding layer is dense without defects such as cracks and holes. Ultrasonic rolling treatment significantly enhances the surface hardness of the cladding layer, with a hardening depth of approximately 80 μm. After friction and wear for 10 min under the same test conditions, the average wear mass loss of the ultrasonic rolling treated sample is reduced by 0.5 mg compared with the untreated sample, and the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.691 to 0.514. The ultrasonic rolling treatment improves the wear resistance of the cladding layer surface. The self-corrosion potential of Ni625 cladding layer increases and the corrosion current density decreases after ultrasonic rolling, indicating that ultrasonic rolling improves the surface corrosion resistance of cladding layer.

       

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