退火温度对SLM成形牙科TC4合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

    Effects of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SLM Formed Dental TC4 Alloy

    • 摘要: 根据口腔修复体中支架、冠桥、局部可摘取义齿等不同的性能需求,参照牙科增材制造金属材料行业标准,生产出强度、塑性匹配兼优的口腔修复体。采用3D打印激光选区熔覆(SLM)技术成形制备TC4钛合金,经过退火处理后,研究退火温度对其微观组织以及力学性能的影响。后续通过拉伸实验、扫描电镜、EDS、XRD测试等分析手段其组织结构、断口形貌以及性能表现后得出结论:SLM成形牙科TC4合金原始态因为较高的热-冷温度差使得β相来不及转变为(α+β)相,生成大量的针状α'马氏体相。在550℃×1 h/FC(随炉冷却)退火处理后依然有大量的α'相。当退火温度进一步升高,α'马氏体相开始分解为(α+β)相,且组织由魏氏组织向网篮组织转变。当退火温度在950℃时,α相和β相体积逐渐增大,屈服强度降低,断后伸长率升高。综合比较后,850℃×1 h/FC退火处理的试样,屈服强度为1066MPa、抗拉强度为1128 MPa、断后伸长率为10.6%,力学性能最优,完全满足牙科修复用金属材料的标准。

       

      Abstract: According to the different performance requirements of stent, crown bridge, and local removable denture in the prosthesis, according to the industry standard of dental additive manufacturing metal materials, the prosthesis with excellent strength and plastic matching was produced. TC4 titanium alloy was fabricated by 3D printing laser selective melting(SLM)technology, after annealing, the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties was studied.Subsequently, the microstructure, fracture morphology and performance were analyzed by tensile test, scanning electron microscope, EDS, XRD test and other analytical methods, and the conclusion was drawn.SLM forming dental TC4 alloy original state because of the high heat-cold temperature difference makes the β phase too late to transform into(α+β) phase,resulting in a large number of acicular α’ martensite phase.After annealing at 550 ℃×1 h/FC(with furnace cooling), there is still a large amount of α’ phase. When the annealing temperature further increases, the α’ martensite phase begin to decompose into(α+β) phase, and the microstructure changes from the Widmanstatten structure to the Basketweave structure.When the annealing temperature is 950 ℃, the volume of the α and β phases gradually increases, the yield strength decreases, and the elongation after fracture increases. After comprehensive comparison, the samples anneal at 850 ℃×1 h/FC has the best yield strength of 1066 MPa, tensile strength of 1128MPa, and elongation after fracture of 10.6%, the mechanical properties are best and fully meet the standard of metal materials for dental restoration.

       

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