Abstract: Aluminum-based composite coatings reinforced with ceramic particles have the advantages of low density, high strength, high stiffness and good wear resistance, and are widely used in aerospace and automotive industries. Cold spraying can not only avoid the oxidation and phase change caused by the melting of the material, but also has the advantages of high deposition efficiency, low porosity, high bonding strength, etc., and has a bright future in the field of aluminum composite coating preparation. The current status of research on the preparation of aluminum composite coatings by cold spraying technology was summarized, the deposition principle of aluminum-based composite powders prepared by different methods in the spraying process was introduced, and the microstructures and properties of aluminum composite coatings deposited by cold spraying were analyzed around the commonly used aluminum composite coatings of Al₂O₃, SiC, B₄C, TiN and other reinforcing particles. Meanwhile, the influence law of heat treatment on the properties of aluminum-based composite coatings was elaborated. Finally, potential methods for optimizing the properties of aluminum-based composite coatings were envisaged.