Abstract: In order to meet the further development of new energy vehicles at present, taking Al-10.5Si alloy as the research object, the influences of Sr content on the structure and properties of Al-10.5Si alloy for new energy vehicles were studied by nanoscale indentation instrument, scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, electrical conductivity meter and universal material testing machine. The results show that the microstructure, electrical conductivity, tensile properties,nanoindentation hardness and Young’s modulus of the Al-10.5Si alloy are significantly altered before and after the modification process. Before modification, the size of α-Al dendrites, primary Si and eutectic Si in the Al-10.5Si alloy is larger. When the Sr content is 0.045 wt%, the α-Al dendrites in the Al-10.5Si alloy experience a significant reduction in size,while the eutectic Si changes from a coarse fibrous morphology to a fine fibrous structure, the modification is complete. The Si particles are small and dispersed, their size is approximately 1-4 μm. The electrical conductivity of the Al-10.5Si alloy initially increases and then decreases with the increase of Sr content, reaching a maximum value of 39.28%IACS when the Sr content is 0.045 wt%. The mechanical properties of the alloy increase first and then decrease with the increase of Sr content. At a Sr content of 0.045%, the alloy exhibits a tensile strength of 176 MPa, a yield strength of 154 MPa, an elongation of 14.5%, a nanoindentation hardness of 1.222 GPa and a Young’s modulus of 75.726 GPa, which are increased by 46.7%, 49.5%, 163.6%, 54.88% and 56.73%,respectively. Therefore, the comprehensive performance of the Al-10.5Si alloy is optimized when the Sr addition is 0.045 wt%.