焊缝位置对异种高强钢拼焊板成形性能及材料流动规律影响研究

    Study on Influence of Weld Seam Position on Forming Performance and Material Flow Law of Dissimilar High-strength Steel Tailor-welded Blanks

    • 摘要: 本研究旨在系统探究焊缝位置对异种高强钢拼焊板成形性能及材料流动规律的影响。以DP590-TRIP590、DP590-HC420两种组合的激光拼焊板为研究对象,分析了焊接接头的微观组织与硬度分布特征,通过杯突试验、拉深试验并结合有限元分析方法,研究了不同焊缝位置对拼焊板成形性能的影响规律。结果表明,两组拼焊板的杯突值(IE)均显著低于单一母材,其中焊缝居中时IE值最小,此时裂纹沿垂直于焊缝的方向向两侧母材扩展;当焊缝远离板料中心时,两组拼焊板杯突试验IE值均增大,拼焊板的胀形能力提高,断裂失效位置转移至占比更大的母材一侧。DP590侧母材占比超过50%时,拼焊板整体胀形能力随其占比增加逐步提升;而DP590母材占比低于50%时,拼焊板的胀形能力取决于HC420侧或TRIP590侧母材。此外,两组拼焊板均能顺利实现拉深成形,焊缝未开裂,其材料流动规律与单一母材拉深变形基本一致,成形过程焊缝几乎无偏移。

       

      Abstract: This study aimed to systematically investigate the effect of weld seam position on forming performance and material flow law of dissimilar high-strength steel tailor-welded blanks(TWBs). Two groups of high-strength steel tailor-welded blanks, namely DP590-TRIP590 and DP590-HC420, were used as the research objects. Microstructure and microhardness distribution of the TWBs joints were analyzed. Cupping tests, deep drawing tests combined with the finite element analysis method were adopted to study the influence law of different weld seam positions on the forming performance of TWBs. The results show that the Erichsen cupping values (IE) of the two groups of TWBs are significantly lower than those of the individual base material. When the weld seam is centrally located, the lowest IE value is obtained, and the crack propagates toward the two sides of the base materials along the direction perpendicular to the weld seam. When the weld seam deviates from the center, the IE values of both groups of TWBs in the cupping test increase, indicating that bulging capacity is enhanced. Consequently, the fracture location shifts to the side of the base material with a larger proportion. When the proportion of DP590 base metal is larger than 50%, the overall bulging capacity of the welded blank is increased. Conversely, when the proportion of DP590 part is lower than 50%, the overall bulging capacity of the TWBs depends on the HC420 or TRIP590 base material. In addition, the deep drawing of both groups of TWBs can be successfully completed and crack dose not occur in weld seam, their material flow behavior during deep drawing is similar to that of the individual base material, and the weld seam exhibits almost no offset during the forming process.

       

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